Valuation of Risks And Vulnerabilities in the Oilfield Exploratiory Infrastructure Canto do Amaro, Municipality of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil

The work in the oilfield Canto do Amaro aimed to evaluate the risks and vulnerabilities of the oil exploration structures. For this, was made a detailed field work, and the majority of the exploratory wells was visited. Were collected seven soil samples for the oil infiltration risk analysis, and for which one were determined the values of DTA that for 57% of the soils is above the average of 1.41 mm/cm, presenting a franc-sand texture and sand-franc for the remaining 43%, whose DTA were smaller than 0.86 mm/cm. The tests of water/oil infiltration in these soils showed that the water VIB was high to very high and for oil was low to medium. The analysis of VIB showed that the soil with a higher risk to the oil spill are the Latossolos Vermelho Amarillo (AVL) and of lowest risk are Neossolos Flúvicos (UK). Questionnaires were applied to 10% of families of the community to characterize the environmental and socioeconomic profile of the local population. The region is subject to intense human activities pressure as result of the oil and salt exploration and agriculture activities. The analyses of the diagnoses showed that the global vulnerability of the population is around 66%, index too high that show its high level of poverty. The vulnerability its caused by the fault of publics politics for development maintainable environmental, that’s seeks to the decrease of the risks, with social inclusion and environmental protection.