Data Saving in Wireless Sensor Networks with a Dynamic Sink Based Congestion Control Protocol

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have inherent and unique characteristics rather than traditional networks. They have many different constraints, such as computational power, storage capacity, energy supply and etc. Energy aware routing protocol is very important in WSN, but routing protocol which only considers energy has not efficient performance. Therefore considering other parameters beside energy efficiency is crucial for protocols efficiency. Depending on sensor network application, different parameters can be considered for its protocols. Congestion management can affect routing protocol performance. This paper presents an adaptive self configuring memory model for data persistency in wireless sensor networks. The model is built on a clustered sensor field where we have utilized dense node deployment in the vicinity of the routing nodes to act as data buffers during congestion periods in order to avoid data loss. The proposed scheme utilizes mobile sink instead of static sink which is the major cause of congestion, data loss and reduced lifetime of the sensor network. In the proposed mini-sinks are created along the mobility trajectory of the sink. Mini-sinks are responsible for collecting data from the sensor nodes located in their vicinity, thus avoiding data flow to a single data collection point. Through simulation we show the effectiveness of the given routing scheme in terms of congestion avoidance and increased lifetime of the wireless sensor network