Modulating Effect of Black Plastic Mulch on the Environment, Growth and Yield of Cassava in a Derived Savanna Belt of Nigeria

The modulating effect of black plastic mulch on the crop growing environment, crop growth and yield of two improved cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties (TMS 30572 and TMS 4(2) 1425) bred by International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) was studied in a soil described as Typic Paleustult at the Faculty farm of University of Nigeria, Nsukka, a derived savanna belt of Nigeria. The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Results show that black plastic mulch influenced a 100% weed control in the plots mulched and raised the morning (09.00 GMT) soil temperature to 46%. Moisture evaporation was effectively controlled as water vapour condensed beneath the plastic mulch and fell back as droplets into the soil. The fresh root tuber yield of the cassava varieties was increased to 40.7% (TMS 30572) and 48% (TMS 4(2) 1425) while the leaf area increased from 292.5 cm2 to 572.8 cm2 in TMS 30572 and from 266.9 cm2 to 428.5 cm2 in TMS 4(2) 1425 by the plastic mulch. Generally, all growth and yield parameters measured were significantly (P> 0.05) improved by the application of black plastic mulch.