Electrostatic self-assembly Pd particles on Nafion~(TM) membrane surface to reduce methanol crossover
Electrostatic self-assembly Pd particles on Nafion^TM membrane surface to reduce methanol crossover

Nafion^TM perfluorosulfonate proton exchange membranes (PEM) have been widely used as solid electrolytes in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) because it possesses relatively good mechanical strength and chemical stability.Due to its structure of side chains (-SO3ˉ) fixed at CF backbones, phase separation occurs between hydrophilic regions and hydrophobic ones in hydrated Nafion^TM membrane.