PRELIMINARY STUDY ON EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED DAMMED LAKE
地震诱发的堰塞湖初步研究

Earthquake-induced dammed lake is the lake caused by an earthquake-induced landslide blocking a river channel. Based on the statistics, there are altogether 141 earthquake-induced dammed lakes in China since 1856. According to the formative process and the degree of potential danger, three types can be divided: high-danger dammed lake, steady-state dammed lake and transient dammed lake. High-danger dammed lake, with great storage capability and high drop height, is often burst in several days to several years after its formation, and causes severe secondary flood disaster. Steady-state dammed lake (also called “dead lake”) can exist for a long period with very huge water storage. Transient dammed lake, formed while an earthquake occurring. It is a short-period one, which can quickly burst by the accumulating water. The damage is therefore generally not very large. The dammed lakes can also be classified simply with time. The one that may be broken in several days is called as transient dammed lake. That may be broken in several days to one hundred years is called as high dangerous dammed lake. Those may be stable more than one hundred years is called as steady-state dammed lake.