THE PRELIMINARY RECONSTRUCT OF HISTORICAL FOREST LANDSCAPES IN CHANGBAI MOUNTAIN NATURAL RESERVE
长白山自然保护区历史森林景观的初步重建

Based on the spatial parameters of environmental factors including annual mean temperature, precipitation, altitude, slope and aspect. The logistic regression models were established, which reflect the relationships between the current distribution of forest landscapes, consisting of Korean pine hardwood forest, spruce/fir forest, mountain birch forest and tundra, and these five abiotic factors. The spatial distribution of the four forest landscape belts were estimated according to the corresponding digital surfaces of the five abiotic factors in 1975. Finally, the MSS imagery in 1975 was supervised classified by maximum likelihood algorithm. The resulting landscape map was used to validate the forest landscapes distribution map produced by logistic regression models using Kappa index. Results show that the predicted area of tundra, mountain birch forest, spruce/fir forest and Korean pine hardwood forest are 7 243.83 hectares, 6 517.08 hectares, 125 570.16 hectares and 34 264.80 hectares respectively. Compared with the results of classification of MSS imagery, the predicted area of tundra and spruce/fir forest decreased by 29.04% and 3.05% respectively, and that of mountain birch forest and Korean pine hardwood forest increased by 246.45% and 8.6% respectively. The modeling result of tundra is favourable. And that of Korean pine hardwood forest is also acceptable in a certain extent. But agreement of mountain birch forest and spruce/fir forest is poor. However, as a methodological exploration, our study do provide a new idea for research on responses of forest landscape to climatic change as well as on the relationship between distribution of forest landscapes and changes in environmental factors.