Methods and Experiments of Numerical Prediction Raised as Inverse Problem. Part I: Three Kinds of Inverse Problems and Numerical Solutions
提为反问题的数值预报方法与试验 I. 三类反问题及数值解法

Although numerical prediction can be improved through improving numerical model, observation method and analysis method, etc., the numerical prediction which is raised as an initial value problem still faces two difficulties of model error and incomplete initials. Nevertheless, there is a quantity of historical observed data of climate evolution in which the information of climate system is contained. In view of the two difficulties, three kinds of inverse problems of numerical prediction are put forward in this paper to improve prediction through retrieving initial value and model parameters to emend numerical model by using the historical data. To solve the three inverse problems, three kinds of numerical solutions are put forward simultaneously. Finally, through using the three kinds of inverse problems in a simple model, some numerical experiments of retrieval prediction are carried out and their results are to be given in the second part of this paper.