The Characteristics and Transformation of Urban Employment Structure in China
中国城市就业结构的特征及其演变

With the entrance of World Trade Organization and the reform of national stated enterprises, urban employment problems in China will become more serious and the study of those problems will be of more significance for urban planning and decision makers. In 1999, 40 23% people worked in manufacture fields and only 1 66% were in real estate, finance and insurancefields. The employment structure was different in different size cities. The bigger a city was, the more people were employed in the science, teaching, government, finance, insurance and real estates. The smaller a city was, the more people were employed in mining, building and manufacture. In eastern coast areas, the industries of manufacture, finance, insurance and real estates were more developed and employed more people. In western areas, the employment percentage of science, teaching and government was larger. From 1989 to 1999, the urban employment structure changed dramatically with the increment of employment in science, teaching and government. And manufacture employment increased slowly. Except for mining industry, the distribution of employment percentage was normal by Nelson calculation, so the urban specialization was lower. With urban industrial structure transformation, employment structure will be more reasonable to accelerate rapid and sustainable development of cities.