Corticolous Lichen Community Structure in a Forest Ecosystem in the Southern Mountains of Urumqi
乌鲁木齐南部山区森林生态系统树生地衣群落结构

To understand corticolous lichen species composition and its community structure characteristics, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis methods were used to study a corticolous lichen community in the forest ecosystem of the southern mountains of Urumqi. Thirty-nine corticolous lichen species, belonging to 5 orders, 13 families and 26 genera, were found. Multivariate analysis and characteristics of habitat revealed that the corticolous lichen communities could be classified into three types: (1) Lecanora hageni (Ach.) Ach. + Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl. + L. saligna (Schrad.) Zahlbr.; (2) Physcia aipolia (Humb.) Furm. + Ph. dimidiata (Arn.) Nyl. + Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm.; and (3) Xanthoria fallax (Hepp) Arnold. + X. elegans (Link.) Th. Fr. Community 3 had highest species diversity (1.509), then community 2 (1.109), then community 1 (1.088). Altitude and tree types were the two important environmental factors influencing the structural patterns of corticolous lichen communities in this forest ecosystem.