Caries dental en el ni？o: Una enfermedad contagiosa

background: dental caries is a highly prevalent disease worldwide. it is defined as a transmissible disease, where infection by streptococcus mutans (sm) plays a fundamental role. many studies indicate that early colonization of the mouth of the child occurs through the saliva of adults, specially mothers. objective: to introduce pediatricians with the current concepts regarding pathology of dental caries in children. methods: literature was reviewed on the topic, using as data base articles of medline and selecting articles based on key words: transmission, dental caries, children, streptococcus mutans. articles that used statistically significant samples and scientific method for the identification of the bacteria were chosen. results: review of the literature confirms the role of sm in the etiology of dental caries in children and its transmission through saliva. conclusions: dental caries is a transmissible disease and the main pathogen is sm. it is important for pediatricians to know the mechanism of infection and to inform mothers, in order to prevent dental caries and deliver patients to the dentist whenever necessary