Background: Sturge Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare, sporadic neurocutaneous disorder caused by somatic mutations in the GNAQ gene, characterized by vascular malformations involving the skin, leptomeninges, and eyes. Although facial port-wine stains, seizures, and ocular abnormalities are the hallmark features, oral manifestations are less frequently reported and may represent an early clinical sign of the disease. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with prog...

Dermatology  Diagnostics  Ophthalmology  Medical Genetics  Pathology  Cardiology  Pediatrics  Clinical Medicine  Dentistry  Neurology 

Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is rarely reported from low-resource settings, where diagnostic delays and limited therapeutic options remain major challenges. We report a young adult with progressive, fluctuating muscle weakness evolving over three years before diagnosis. In the absence of antibody testing and thoracic imaging, the diagnosis relied on clinical features and electrophysiological confirmation through a reproducible decrement on repetitive nerve stimulation. Corticosteroid therap...

Neurology 

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide, with significant morbidity and mortality in the absence of timely treatment. It is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory poly-radiculoneuropathy, usually triggered by infection. While the classical presentation is ascending symmetrical weakness with areflexia, atypical forms may mimic other neurological disorders and delay diagnosis. We report a rare pseudo-cerebellar presentation in a middle-aged man ...

Allergy & Clinical Immunology  Neurology 

Depression is a clinically heterogeneous disorder comprising subtypes such as melancholic, atypical, anxious, and unspecified, each characterized by distinct symptom profiles and treatment responses. Accurate identification of these subtypes is essential for precision psychiatry and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. This study investigates the potential of quantum-inspired feature representations to enhance the classification of depression subtypes from clinical data. A synthetic dataset of 5000 ...

Neurology  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been repeatedly linked to disruptions of the gut brain axis (GBA), yet practical decision systems that convert multi-omics patterns into patient-specific guidance remain limited. We present an end-to-end, explainable pipeline that learns putative GBA signatures of MDD from synthetic data and translates model attributions into hypothesis-driven nutritional and pharmacological suggestions. We simulated a cohort of N = 1,500 individuals (30% MDD) comprising 200 m...

Artificial Intelligence  Neurology  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) remains one of the most challenging subtypes of major depressive disorder, affecting approximately one-third of patients and leading to significant morbidity, healthcare costs, and reduced quality of life. Predicting TRD onset and progression is complex, as it requires integrating heterogeneous biomarkers spanning neuroimaging, genomics, and clinical history. This study presents an Enhanced Multimodal Transformer (EMT) designed to fuse functional magnetic res...

Neurology  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Cognitive impairment is a frequent and debilitating outcome of stroke, profoundly affecting patient independence, recovery trajectories, and long-term quality of life. Despite its prevalence, accurate early prediction of post-stroke cognitive decline (PSCD) remains an unmet challenge due to the multifactorial interplay between structural brain lesions, neurophysiological changes, and diverse clinical comorbidities. In this study, we present a multimodal deep learning framework designed to classi...

Neurology 

Early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a critical yet unresolved challenge in neurology, as subtle cognitive and linguistic impairments often emerge years before formal diagnosis. Traditional approaches, including neuroimaging and cognitive testing, are limited by cost, invasiveness, and low sensitivity at prodromal stages. Speech and language markers have recently emerged as promising, non-invasive digital biomarkers that can be continuously monitored in naturalistic settings. In this s...

Artificial Intelligence  Neurology 

Accurate prediction of antidepressant treatment response remains a major challenge in psychiatry, particularly across diverse patient populations where genetic, demographic, and clinical characteristics vary substantially. In this study, we evaluate the potential of transfer learning to enhance predictive performance across heterogeneous cohorts. We generated a synthetic, population-stratified dataset representing four major demographic groups, European, East Asian, African, and Latin American, ...

Neurology  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition requiring long-term pharmacological management, with escitalopram often prescribed as a first-line treatment. However, optimizing antidepressant dosing remains challenging due to heterogeneous patient responses, complex symptom trajectories, and variable tolerance to side effects. This study presents a Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework for dynamic dose adjustment, trained within a simulated patient environment designed to c...

Neurology  Psychiatry & Psychology