%0 Journal Article
%T Sub-Second Dopamine Detection in Human Striatum
%A Kenneth T. Kishida
%A Stefan G. Sandberg
%A Terry Lohrenz
%A Youssef G. Comair
%A Ignacio S¨¢ez
%A Paul E. M. Phillips
%A P. Read Montague
%J PLOS ONE
%D 2012
%I Public Library of Science (PLoS)
%R 10.1371/journal.pone.0023291
%X Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes allows rapid (sub-second) measurements of dopamine release in behaving animals. Herein, we report the modification of existing technology and demonstrate the feasibility of making sub-second measurements of dopamine release in the caudate nucleus of a human subject during brain surgery. First, we describe the modification of our electrodes that allow for measurements to be made in a human brain. Next, we demonstrate in vitro and in vivo, that our modified electrodes can measure stimulated dopamine release in a rat brain equivalently to previously determined rodent electrodes. Finally, we demonstrate acute measurements of dopamine release in the caudate of a human patient during DBS electrode implantation surgery. The data generated are highly amenable for future work investigating the relationship between dopamine levels and important decision variables in human decision-making tasks.
%U http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0023291