%0 Journal Article
%T Headspace solid-phase microextraction procedure for gas-chromatography analysis of toluene in urine
%A Netto
%A Diego C.
%A Reis
%A Rafael M.
%A Mendes
%A Camila B.
%A Gomes
%A Paulo C. F. L.
%A Martins
%A Isarita
%A Siqueira
%A Maria Elisa P. B.
%J Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
%D 2008
%I Sociedade Brasileira de Qu¨Şmica, SBQ
%R 10.1590/S0103-50532008000600022
%X toluene is widely used in industrial and laboratory applications and in many countries is related with social problems of abuse. unaltered urinary toluene was introduced as a bioindicator of occupational exposure to the solvent, but its analysis presents difficulties due to the low levels of the compound excreted in urine. a gas-chromatography/flame ionization method for toluene in urine is described using headspace solid-phase microextraction and establishing the better conditions for two different extracting phases: polydimethylsiloxane (pdms) and carboxen-pdms. the carboxen-pdms fiber showed lower quantifying limit (12.5 ng ml-1), better extraction efficiency (up to 28.1%) and repeatability (cv < 4.9%) than pdms coating. the method was applied to analysis of toluene in urine of workers from car repair shops exposed to low solvent levels.
%K urinary toluene
%K hs-spme
%K sample preparation
%K gas-chromatography.
%U http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0103-50532008000600022&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en