%0 Journal Article
%T Biogeochemical cycling of urea in the aquatic systems of Pindar¨¦ and Turia£¿u River basins, a pre-Amazonian floodplain, Baixada Maranhense, Brazil
%A Mitamura
%A Osamu
%A Nakamoto
%A Nobutada
%A Iba£¿ez
%A Maria do Socorro Rodrigues
%A Cavalcante
%A Paulo Roberto Saraiva
%A Costa Neto
%A Jos¨¦ Policarpo
%A Barbieri
%A Ricardo
%J Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
%D 2012
%I Scientific Electronic Library Online
%R 10.1590/S2179-975X2012005000036
%X aim: this work is aimed at extending the understanding of urea cycle in freshwater ecosystems. its degradation rate concerning microorganisms activities was measured in the turbid waters of pindar¨¦ and turia£¿u rivers located on the pre-amazonian floodplain, brazil; methods: the pindar¨¦ and turia£¿u aquatic systems have distinct dry and rainy periods. the investigation was developed in the middle of the rainy period, and field activities were carried out in the extensive water bodies from the middle to lower reaches. the rate of degradation in the surface waters of the two aquatic systems was determined with in situ simulation technique using 14c-labelled urea. photosynthetic rates were determined by the radiocarbon technique simultaneously with experimental measurements of urea degradation rate; results: urea degradation rates (sum of carbon incorporation into particulate matter and co2 liberation into water) were 2.0 mg urea c m-3 day-1 in the pindar¨¦ and 17.1 mg urea c m-3 day-1 in the turia£¿u waters. daylight values were obviously higher than those in the dark, and the urea degradation rates in turia£¿u showed much higher values than those in pindar¨¦. most of the urea degradation occurred during the co2 liberation phase. the average of chlorophyll a specific urea degradation rate was 0.13 and 0.83 mg urea c mg chl.a-1 day-1 in both river waters. the ratio of urea carbon degradation to photosynthetic carbon assimilation in both waters averaged 1.2 and 4.2%, respectively. the residence time of urea in the surface water was calculated as 2.3 to 4.5 days in the pindar¨¦ and 0.21 to 0.50 days in the turia£¿u. much shorter residence times were obtained in the turia£¿u due to the high degradation rate of urea; conclusion: the correlation coefficient between the urea degradation rate and chlorophyll a or photosynthetic rate showed a statistically significant value in the turia£¿u. this indicates that in the turia£¿u system the urea degradation rate was proportional to the stand
%K urea degradation
%K phytoplankton
%K pre-amazonian floodplain.
%U http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2179-975X2012000200006&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en