%0 Journal Article %T 时钟同步在蓝牙通信中的研究与应用
Research and Application of Clock Synchronization in Bluetooth Communication %A 张邦涛 %J Hans Journal of Wireless Communications %P 87-93 %@ 2163-3991 %D 2025 %I Hans Publishing %R 10.12677/hjwc.2025.153009 %X 随着物联网和无线通信技术的快速发展，蓝牙技术因其低功耗、低成本和良好的兼容性等优点，成为了短距离通信的重要解决方案。然而，蓝牙通信并非强实时性，存在毫秒级以上的通信延迟，因此，蓝牙设备间存在时钟漂移，如何实现时钟同步成为了技术难点。目前，蓝牙时钟同步主要通过主设备发起蓝牙广播，或在建立连接后向从设备发送本地时间戳，从设备接收后校准本地时钟来完成，该方式受限于蓝牙传输延迟，同步精度较低(毫秒至秒)。为提升同步精度，主设备通过链路层周期性连接事件向从设备发送数据包或空包作为时钟锚点，从设备通过连续的锚点来计算主从时钟的偏差，进一步通过调整本地时钟的频率或直接偏移来对齐主设备的时序，虽然该方式的同步精度可达亚毫秒级，但仍不能满足精密测量等领域的精度需求。本文提出了一种基于无线电通信的时钟同步方案，通过直接监控位于蓝牙协议栈物理层的无线电通信状态和事件，操作无线电射频芯片寄存器，从而实现主从设备交互各自的本地时间戳，并采用高速时钟和时钟补偿算法，同步精度可达微秒级以下，满足高精度应用场景，本文以基于nRF52832芯片设计的蓝牙高精度测头为例，展示了该方案的应用效果，更大程度发挥了蓝牙通信的优势。
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless communication technologies, Bluetooth has become a vital solution for short-range communications due to its advantages such as low power consumption, cost-effectiveness, and excellent compatibility. However, Bluetooth communication lacks strong real-time performance and exhibits millisecond-level latency, leading to clock drift between Bluetooth devices. Consequently, achieving clock synchronization has emerged as a significant technical challenge. Currently, Bluetooth clock synchronization is primarily implemented through either broadcast initiated by the master device or timestamp transmission after connection establishment, where the slave device calibrates its local clock upon receiving the master’s timestamp. However, constrained by Bluetooth transmission delays, this approach offers limited synchronization accuracy (ranging from milliseconds to seconds). To enhance synchronization precision, the master device can periodically send data packets or empty packets as clock anchors to slave devices via link-layer connection events. The slave device then calculates the clock deviation between master and slave based on consecutive anchor points and subsequently adjusts its local clock frequency or directly offsets the clock to align with the master’s timing. While this method achieves sub-millisecond synchronization accuracy, it still fails to meet the stringent precision requirements of applications such as precision measurement. This paper proposes a radio communication-based clock synchronization scheme that directly monitors radio communication states and events at the physical layer of the Bluetooth protocol stack and manipulates radio frequency (RF) chip registers. This enables mutual exchange of local timestamps between master and slave devices. By employing high-speed clocks and clock %K 无线电， %K 蓝牙， %K 时钟同步， %K 精密测量
Radio %K Bluetooth %K Clock Synchronization %K Precision Measurement %U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=118272