%0 Journal Article %T 基于“藏象学说”重谈对“脾”的认识
Rethinking the Understanding of “Spleen” Based on the Theory of “Zang Xiang Theory” %A 王伯妹 %A 向庆凤 %J World Journal of Cancer Research %P 72-76 %@ 2164-9057 %D 2025 %I Hans Publishing %R 10.12677/wjcr.2025.152010 %X 徐学义教授是全国名中医，从事临床教学工作长达60余年，重视藏象学说，据相关文献记载，藏象学说最早源于《黄帝内经》，如《灵枢·五阅五使》及《素问·六节脏象论》中则集中讲述了脾胃等消化器官生理功能的相互联系。而脾依据藏象学说归于土，居于中心位置，如《玉机真脏论》：“脾胃中央土，一方受邪，殃及四方”。“脾”与胃又相连，位于腹腔上部，横膈膜下面，在左季肋的深部，附于胃的背侧左上方。如《素问·太阴阳明论》中就有“脾与胃以膜相连耳”，而《十四经发挥》中则有“脾……掩乎太仓，附着于背之第十一椎”的相关记载，充分表明了古人对脾胃解剖位置的认识。《难经·四十二难》中则说：“脾重二斤三两，扁广三寸，长五寸，有散膏半斤”。因此，徐老认为，“脾”在消化疾病的治疗过程中尤为重要，须对其进行重新认识，脾阴脾阳并重，方可达到治疗脾胃疾病的根本。现将徐老基于“藏象学说”谈对脾的认识具体归纳如下，以飱同道。
Professor Xueyi Xu is a renowned traditional Chinese medicine practitioner who has been engaged in clinical teaching for over 60 years. He places great emphasis on the theory of Zang Xiang, which according to relevant literature, originated from Huangdi Neijing. For instance, Ling Shu-Five Examinations and Five Exchanges and the Su Wen-Six Sections and Zang Xiang Theory focus on the interconnections of physiological functions among digestive organs such as the spleen and stomach. The spleen, according to the theory of Zang Xiang, is categorized under Earth and occupies a central position. As stated in Yujizhen Dang Lun: “The spleen and stomach are centrally located in Earth; if one side is affected by evil, it will harm all four sides”. The “spleen” is also connected to the stomach, situated in the upper abdomen, below the diaphragm, deep within the left costal margin, and attached to the dorsal left side of the stomach. As recorded in Su Wen-Taiyang Yinming Lun, “The spleen and stomach are connected by membranes”, and in Fourteen Meridians Exploitation, it states “The spleen… covers the Great Granary and attaches to the eleventh vertebra on the back”. These records clearly demonstrate the ancient understanding of the anatomical location of the spleen and stomach. In Nan Jing-Forty-Two Difficulties, it says: “The spleen weighs two catties and three taels, is flat and broad three inches wide, five inches long, and contains half a catty of loose paste”. Therefore, Professor Xu believes that the “spleen” is particularly important in the treatment of digestive diseases and requires a reevaluation. Both yin and yang aspects of the spleen must be emphasized %K 徐学义， %K 藏象学说， %K 脾的认识
Xueyi Xu %K Zang Xiang Theory %K Understanding of Spleen %U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=111708