%0 Journal Article
%T The Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity and Related Comorbidities among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients Attending the Same Clinics in Gaborone, Botswana
%A Jose Gaby Tshikuka
%A Matshwenyego Boitshwarelo
%A Shimeles Genna Hamda
%A Roy Tapera
%A Ngoyi Kashiba Zacharie Bukonda
%A Marie Esako Onokoko
%J Advances in Infectious Diseases
%P 523-540
%@ 2164-2656
%D 2024
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/aid.2024.143038
%X <b>Context:</b> Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps restore the health status of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Likewise, it increases the risk of overweight/obesity and related comorbidities among the recipients. In countries like Botswana where &#177;84% of PLHIV is on ART, the paucity of data comparing overweight/obesity between HIV-positive on ART and HIV-negative patients may impede clinical and policy decision-making. This study sought to estimate and compare: i) the prevalence of overweight/obesity between HIV-positive on ART and HIV-negative patients; ii) the prevalence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM)/coronary heart disease (CHD) between HIV-positive patients on ART and HIV-negative patients attending same outpatient departments of general clinics in Gaborone, Botswana. <b>Patients and Methods:</b> Five hundred eighty-one (581) outpatients were recruited in four major clinics of Gaborone, Botswana, between June and July 2019; 294 or 51% of them were HIV-negative and 287 or 49% were HIV-positive on ART. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and of HTN and DM/CHD were calculated and examined using stratified analysis. Subgroups were compared using Chi-square analysis with Yates correction or Fisher exact test and t-student test for continuous data. Results: Major findings after stratification of the study population by HIV status were: i) the prevalence of all categories of (BMI), including overweight/obesity, were comparable between HIV-negative-patients and HIV-positive. In fact, there were 24 (8.0%) cases of underweight among HIV-negative-Patients and 15(5%) cases among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.2; 145 (49%) HIV-negative-patients and 128 (45%) HIV-positive, p = 0.07 cases of normal weight; 72 (25%) HIV-negative-patients and 87 (30%) HIV-positive, p = 0.08, were overweight; 53 (18%) HIV-negative-patients and 57 (20%) HIV-positive, p = 0.12, were obese; 125 (43%) HIV-negative patients and 144 (50%) HIV-positive, p=0.06 were overweight/obese; ii) the prevalence of HTN and DM/CHD among HIV-positive-patients were significantly lower (p &lt; 0.05) compared to HIV-negative patients: There were 32 (10.9%) cases of HTN among HIV-negative patients compared to 18 (6.3%) cases of HTN among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.001; 32 (11%) cases of  DM/CHD HIV-negative patients compared to 4 (1.4%) cases of DM/CHD among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.001. Conclusion: the prevalence of overweight/obesity observed between HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients may suggest that the two groups shared the same exposure factors. That HTN and DM/CHD
%K Overweight/Obesity
%K Related Comorbidities
%K HIV-Positive
%K HIV-Negative
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=135070