%0 Journal Article
%T Infection in Multiple Myeloma: Microbiological Profile and Prognosis in Senegalese Patients
%A Seynabou Fall
%A El Hadj Daouda Niang
%A Khadim Sarr
%A Lolita Mari&#233
%A me Camara-Tall
%A Modou Moustapha Ciss
%A Amy Thiam
%A Aminata Dakono
%A Awa Ndiaye
%A Fatou Samba Diago Ndiaye
%J Open Journal of Blood Diseases
%P 47-58
%@ 2164-3199
%D 2024
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ojbd.2024.142006
%X <b>Introduction</b>: Infections are additional factors of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM), and the current recommendation is antibiotic prophylaxis. In sub-Saharan Africa, few data on infectious complications of MM are available. We aim to describe the microbiological features of infections in MM, and their impact on survival in Senegalese patients. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective (January 2005-January 2022), analytic, multicenter study on infections in patients followed for MM (IMWG criteria) in Senegalese clinical hematology services. The socio-epidemiological, diagnostic, microbiological, evolutionary and survival aspects were analyzed. <b>Results</b>: The study included 106 patients with multiple myeloma who had an infection at admission or during the treatment. Ten patients have the comorbidity (hypertension, lupus, type 2 diabetes). These patients had 136 infectious events identified at diagnosis (79.2%) or during chemotherapy (20.8%). The sites of infection are lung (42.6%), urinary (29.4%), dermatological (6.6%), digestive (5.2%), osteoarticular (4.4%), ear, nose and throat (3.7%), central nervous system (1.5%), or without site. We recorded 26.4% of patients with multi-site infections. The causal pathogens are bacteria (Gram-negative bacilli: 22.1%; Gram positive bacilli: 9.5%, <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>: 13.3%), parasitique (plasmodium falciparum 6.6%), viruses (<i>SARS-COV2</i>: 2.9%, <i>VZV</i>: 2.2%) and fungal (2.9%). Survival was reduced in patients who had an infection at the time of multiple myeloma diagnosis (p: 0.189) and those who had multiple infectious foci (p: 0.011). <b>Conclusion:</b> Infections in multiple myeloma are more frequent at diagnosis. The germs are varied and mostly bacteria, particularly gram-negative bacteria, and <i>Koch</i>’s bacillus. Our study reveals that multiple infectious foci are a poor prognosis factor. It is necessary to evaluate the infectious risk early, and to adopt an antibiotic prophylaxis based on our tropical environment.
%K Multiple Myeloma
%K Infections
%K Tuberculosis
%K Senegal
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=133686