%0 Journal Article
%T 空天陆海一体化测绘技术在南海岛礁调查中的应用展望<br> Application Prospect of Space-Air-Land-Sea Integrated Surveying and Mapping Technology in the Investigation of Islands and Reefs in the South China Sea
%A 张更垒
%A 田振环
%A 杨娜娜
%A 王威
%A 史经昊
%A 刘强
%J Adances in Marine Sciences
%P 233-244
%@ 2376-4279
%D 2023
%I Hans Publishing
%R 10.12677/AMS.2023.104024
%X 本文首先分析南海岛礁及周边海域地形地貌的特殊性和测绘作业存在的难点：远海岛礁远离大陆、高度分散、测绘基准信息匮乏、珊瑚礁地貌复杂特殊、地形水深变化剧烈，以及周边地缘政治环境复杂，针对性地总结了远海岛礁地形测量的关键技术和进展。介绍一种“空–天–陆–海”一体化的水陆地形立体观测技术体系，该系统通过整合目前不同水陆地形探测方法技术优势，优化探测方法组合模式，把无人船载多波束测深系统、激光扫描测量系统、无人机测量系统及卫星多光谱遥感测量等进行技术整合，实现对远离大陆的岛礁及周边海域高精度、全覆盖、一体化、立体测绘。该测绘作业模式能够极大地提高远海测绘的工作效率，对维护国家海洋权益和南海区域经济发展急需的精确远海岛礁地理信息的获取，以及加强海战场环境保障能力具有积极意义。<br />
The paper first analyzes the particularity and difficulties of topographic and geomorphological surveying and mapping island reefs and surrounding waters in the South China Sea: islands and reefs are far away from the mainland, highly dispersed, lack of surveying and mapping datum information, complex and special coral reef landforms, dramatic changes in topography and water depth, and complex surrounding geopolitical environment. The key technologies and progress of topographic survey of offshore islands and reefs are summarized. This paper introduces a “Space- Sky-Land-Sea” inte-grated three-dimensional observation technology system of water and land terrain. The system integrates the technical advantages of different water and land terrain detection methods, optimizes the combination mode of detection methods, and integrates the unmanned ship-borne multi-beam sounding system, laser scanning measurement system, UAV measurement system and satellite multi-spectral remote sensing measurement to achieve high-precision, full- coverage, integrated and three-dimensional mapping of islands and reefs far from the mainland and surrounding sea areas. This surveying and mapping operation mode can greatly improve the efficiency of far-sea surveying and mapping, which is of great significance for safeguarding national maritime rights and interests and the acquisition of accurate far-sea island and reef geographic information urgently needed for the economic development of the South China Sea, as well as strengthening the environmental support capacity of the sea battlefield.
%K 远海岛礁，水深地形测绘，陆海空天一体化，数据融合，无人机，无人船，多光谱遥感<br> Offshore Islands and Reefs
%K Water Depth Topographic Mapping
%K Land-Sea-Air-Space Integration
%K Multi-Source Data Fusion
%K UAV
%K Unmanned Ship
%K Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing
%U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=75602