%0 Journal Article
%T Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>ESKAPE</i> Pathogens before and during Pandemic COVID-19 Pandemic in a University Affiliated Hospital in Tangerang, Indonesia
%A Nata Pratama Hardjo Lugito
%A Cucunawangsih Cucunawangsih
%A Veronica Wiwing
%A Neneng Suryadinata
%J Open Journal of Medical Microbiology
%P 146-158
%@ 2165-3380
%D 2023
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ojmm.2023.132013
%X <b><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">Introduction: </span></b><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">Antimicrobial resistance
is the most important health problems currently. Antibiotic</span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">prophylaxis to prevent bacterial co-infections in hospitalized COVID-19
patients, and lack of surveillance were associated with antimicrobial
resistance. <i>ESKAPE </i>pathogens consisting of<i> E</i>.<i> faecium</i>,<i> S</i>.<i> aureus</i>,<i> K</i>.<i> pneumoniae</i>,<i> A</i>.<i> baumanii</i>,<i> P</i>.<i> aeruginosa </i>and <i>Enterobacter </i>spp. are associated with healthcare-associated infections. <b>Patients
and Methods: </b>This descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study aims to
describe the resistance rates of bloodstream infection due to <i>ESKAPE </i>pathogens
from patients admitted in Siloam Hospital Karawaci, before and during COVID-19
pandemic (January 1<sup>st</sup>, 2019 until December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2022).
Out of 296 <i>ESKAPE</i></span><i><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> </span></i><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">pathogens <span>collected from blood
samples, <i>S</i>.<i> aureus</i> was the most frequent species, followed by <i>K</i>.<i> pneumoniae</i>, <i>A</i>.<i> baumannii</i>, <i>P</i>.<i> aeruginosa</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i> spp., and</span> <i>E</i>.<i> faecium</i>.<b> Results: </b>Resistance
rates of <i>E</i>.<i> faecium</i> were alarmingly high from 2019 until 2021, but in 2022 no sample was found.
Resistance rates</span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">of <i>S</i>.<i> aureus</i></span><i><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> </span></i><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">and MRSA decreased from 2019 until 2021 and then increased again in 2022
while for <i>K</i>.<i> pneumoniae</i></span><i><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> </span></i><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">it peaked in 2020 and reach</span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\">ed</span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> the lowest in 2022.
Resistance pattern of <i>A</i>.<i> baumanii</i> was not favorable from 2019 until 2021, but decreased dramatically in 2022.
Resistance pattern of <i>P</i>.<i> aeruginosa</i> was quite variable</span><span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span
%K Antimicrobial Resistance
%K COVID-19 Pandemic
%K ESKAPE Pathogens
%K Multidrug Resistance
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=125909