%0 Journal Article
%T 线上庭审的司法困境与适用规范——基于法社会学视野的考察<br>Judicial Dilemma and Applicable Norms of Online Trials—An Investigation from the Perspective of Legal Sociology
%A 苗玉飞
%J Advances in Social Sciences
%P 4454-4461
%@ 2169-2564
%D 2022
%I Hans Publishing
%R 10.12677/ASS.2022.1110609
%X 互联网技术的运用，新时代“诉讼爆炸”给司法系统带来的压力以及立法者对于法律价值的取舍和利益衡量共同导致了线上庭审这一司法审判模式的巨大转型。作为一种新型的审判模式，线上庭审在缺乏明确和可操作的规则指引的现状下，面临技术困难、庭审秩序难以维护、实体合法性和程序合法性存疑等一系列司法困境和现实问题。这一转型更是向传统的“对席审判”模式提出挑战，不仅与诉讼法强调的直接言词原则相悖，因缺乏审判亲历性、在场性更进一步导致司法仪式感的缺失，从而影响司法审判的公正性。在新冠疫情防控常态化的特殊背景下，结合最高院对全国法院在线诉讼的工作部署，均表明互联网庭审时代正势不可挡地加速到来。目前仍有必要通过对线上庭审实际运用所产生的社会效果进行考察以发现问题，明确适用条件、适用范围和适用规则，以期帮助“智慧法院”建设主导部门适时改进工作方案，助力法治社会建设。<br />
Now, as the application of Internet technology, the pressure brought by the “litigation explosion” in the new era on the judicial system, and the legislators’ choice of legal value and the balance of interests have all led to the huge transformation of online trial, a judicial trial model. As a new trial mode, online trial is facing a series of judicial difficulties and practical problems, such as technical difficulties, difficulties in maintaining the court order, doubts about substantive legitimacy and procedural legitimacy, under the current situation of lack of clear and operable rule guidance. This transformation is a challenge to the traditional “trial in person” mode, which is not only contrary to the direct verbal principle emphasized by the procedural law, but also further leads to the lack of sense of judicial ceremony due to the lack of trial experience and presence, thus affecting the fairness of the judicial trial. Under the special background of normalization of prevention and control of the COVID-19, and in combination with the Supreme Court’s work deployment of online litigation in the courts across the country, it shows that the era of Internet trials is accelerating inexorably. At present, it is still necessary to investigate the social effects generated by the actual use of online court trials to find problems, and clarify the conditions, scope and rules of application, so as to help the leading departments in the construction of “smart courts” improve their work plans in a timely manner and help build a rule of law society.
%K 法社会学，线上庭审，智慧法院，司法困境，适用规范<br>Sociology of Law
%K Online Trial
%K Smart Court
%K Judicial Dilemma
%K Applicable Norms
%U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=57244