%0 Journal Article
%T The Identification of Prenatal Exposure to Mitragynine Using Umbilical Cord Tissue
%A Mary Ellen Wright
%A Donna Coy
%A Joseph Jones
%A Andre Sukta
%A Amy Racines
%A Mary Jones
%J American Journal of Analytical Chemistry
%P 162-174
%@ 2156-8278
%D 2022
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ajac.2022.134011
%X <strong>Objective:</strong> Kratom is widely available and literature exploring the effects of prenatal kratom exposure is lacking. This study aims to report a validated method for the detection of mitragynine in the umbilical cord and report our observations for specimens received at a national commercial reference laboratory. <strong>Study Design:</strong> Assays were validated according to the recommendations of ANSI/ASB. A retrospective evaluation of records at a national reference laboratory was conducted to determine prevalence and co-exposure to other substances of abuse. <strong>Result:</strong> Mitragynine was detected in 19 of 4456 specimens (0.43%) with concentrations ranging from 4 to &gt;50 ng/g. Thirteen (13) of these specimens were positive for only mitragynine while the other 6 were also positive for either marijuana or opiates. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Umbilical cord is a suitable specimen type for the surveillance of maternal kratom use and can be used to identify exposed neonates for further investigations into short- or long- term health consequences.
%K Kratom
%K Mitragyna Speciose
%K Mitragynine
%K Umbilical Cord
%K Prenatal Exposure
%K Maternal Drug Use
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=116865