%0 Journal Article
%T 铁肥与氮磷钾配施对水稻籽粒铁积累的影响<br>Effects on Combined Application of Iron Fertilizer, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Iron Accumulation in Rice Grains
%A 康敏
%A 龚建华
%A 邓建红
%A 文斌
%A 邓雅文
%J Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences
%P 1022-1027
%@ 2164-5523
%D 2021
%I Hans Publishing
%R 10.12677/HJAS.2021.1111138
%X <div style=\"text-align:justify;\">
	<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">铁(Fe)是人体必需的微量元素，通过富铁品种选育和铁肥施用技术提高农产品的铁含量，是解决缺铁而引起疾病的一种有效方法。水稻作为生产最可靠、效率最高、食用最方便的粮食作物，提高稻米尤其是精米的铁含量具有重要意义。本研究以硫酸亚铁为铁源，配合施用磷酸二氢钾和尿素叶面肥，通过小区试验筛选出最佳铁肥浓度，以期为富铁稻米生产提供科学依据。结果表明：1) 铁肥与氮磷钾叶面肥配施能显著提高稻米铁含量，其中：精米处理较对照提高68.08%，糙米处理较对照提高50.58%。2) 各处理间精米铁含量差异显著(P &lt; 0.05，下同)，以3%硫酸亚铁早施的富铁效果最好。3) 早施(扬花前7天左右)的富铁效果显著优于迟施(扬花后3天左右)。早施的三个处理组合精米铁含量达6.01~6.87 mg/kg，迟施的三个处理组合精米铁含量为4.73~5.68 mg/kg，平均精米铁含量早施较迟施提高21.5%，差异达显著水平(t = 0.007)。4) 精米铁含量与糙米铁含量比值平均为84%，处理较对照提高9个百分点，说明该方法促进了铁元素向胚乳的转运与积累。5) 铁肥与氮磷钾叶面肥配施能显著提高水稻产量，以2%硫酸亚铁早施的增产效果最好。<br />
Iron (Fe) is an essential trace element for human body. Improving the iron content of agricultural products through iron rich variety breeding and iron fertilizer application technology is an effective method to solve the diseases caused by iron deficiency. Rice is the most reliable, efficient and convenient food crop. It is of great significance to improve the iron content of rice, especially milled rice. In this study, ferrous sulfate was used as iron source, combined with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea leaf fertilizer. The best concentration of iron fertilizer was selected through plot test, in order to provide scientific basis for iron rich rice production. The results showed that: 1) the combined application of iron fertilizer and NPK leaf fertilizer could significantly improve the iron content of rice. Among them, the iron content of milled rice treatment was 68.08% higher than that of the control, and that of brown rice treatment was 50.58% higher than that of the control. 2) There was significant difference in iron content of milled rice among treatments (P &lt; 0.05, the same below). The effect of early application of 3% ferrous sulfate was the best. 3) The iron enrichment effect of early application (about 7 days before flowering) was significantly better than that of late application (about 3 days after flowering). The iron content of milled rice of the three combinations of early application was 6.01~6.87 mg/kg, and that of the three combinations of late application was 4.73~5.68 mg/kg. The average iron content of milled rice increased by 21.5% compared with that of late application (t = 0.007). 4) The average ratio of iron content in milled rice to that in brown rice was 84%, which was 9% higher than that in the control, indicating that this method promoted the transport and accumulation of iron to endosperm. 5) The combined application of iron fertilizer and NPK leaf fertilizer can significantly improve rice yield, and the early application of 2%
%K 水稻，硫酸亚铁，氮磷钾叶面肥，精米，铁积累<br>Rice
%K Ferrous Sulfate
%K NPK Leaf Fertilizer
%K Milled Rice
%K Iron Accumulation
%U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=46741