%0 Journal Article
%T Does Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Cigarette Smoking Increase Risk of Hospitalization for American Indian Infants
%A Anne Sandstrom
%A Mariah Jorda
%A Bradley J. Conant
%A Marilyn G. Klug
%A Jyoti Angal
%A Larry Burd
%J Open Journal of Pediatrics
%P 559-569
%@ 2160-8776
%D 2021
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ojped.2021.114052
%X <strong>Background:</strong> <span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco are both
associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes. American Indians
experience disproportionate rates of adverse birth outcomes. The Indian people
living in the Great Plains Area of the Indian Health Services have increased
exposure to alcohol and smoking during pregnancy. This study aims to assess the
relationship between prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure and early
hospitalization in a rural Tribal Nation. </span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Methods: </span></b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">We used data from the prospective Safe Passage
Study on pregnancies and hospitalizations within the first year of life. The
relationship between time to hospitalization and prenatal tobacco/alcohol
exposure, maternal demographics, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression
were evaluated. The analysis utilized Chi-square tests. Kaplan-Meier curves
were used to estimate the likelihood of hospitalization during the first year
of life by substance use category. </span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Results: </span></b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">From a sample of </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">432
infants, we identified 260 (60.2%) who had a hospitalization. We found </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">no significant effect from </span></span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">that </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">if mother drank, amount drank, amoun</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">t smoked or if mother smoked, on the risk of hospitalization. We did
identify an effect for exposure to alcohol or smoking and age to
hospitalization. Exposure was associated with younger age at hospitalization.
However, after controlling for mother</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">กฏ</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">s age, this effect was not significant. Mother</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">กฏ</span><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">s age was significant in all models of
hospitalization risk from parental exposure. </span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Discussion:</span></b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\"> Reducing prenatal exposure to tobacco and
alcohol may decrease hospitalization rates for infants from this Tribal Nation,
especially among young mothers.</span></span>
%K Hospitalization
%K Infants
%K American Indians
%K Alcohol
%K Smoking
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=112475