%0 Journal Article
%T “耕源”花椒专用肥对花椒叶片及果实质量的影响<br>Effects of “Gengyuan” Special Fertilizer on Leaf and Fruit Quality of <i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i>
%A 阮班录
%A 郭俊炜
%A 吴拥强
%A 郭文龙
%J Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences
%P 592-597
%@ 2164-5523
%D 2021
%I Hans Publishing
%R 10.12677/HJAS.2021.116081
%X <div style=\"text-align:justify;\">
	<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">通过测土配方研制的适用于渭北旱塬的有机无机全营养花椒“专用肥料”，通过多元素配合、有机无机混合及加入有益菌，改变了当地椒农单一施用化肥的习惯。施用“专用肥”花椒叶片叶绿素(SPAD)较对照增加9.02%，叶片含氮量较对照增加6.87%，单叶干重较对照增加了10.93%，每序果粒数较对照增加13.0%，百粒净椒干重较对照增加8.05%。15年生左右的成龄盛果期花椒树，株施2 kg专用肥，效果不明显；株施3 kg、4 kg专用肥，叶片叶绿素、含氮量、单叶面积、单叶干重分别增加了20.12%、20.50%，19.04%、20.23%，9.13%、10.44%，5.97%、6.71%，每序果粒数、百粒净椒干重分别增加14.13%、18.47%和10.44%、12.44%，明显促进了花椒叶片和果实质量的提高。在渭北旱塬地区，一般成龄盛果期的花椒树，建议花椒采收后作为基肥株施专用肥3 kg，冠体特大的可以增加到4 kg，来年春季开花结实前后追施1~2次高磷钾水溶肥更佳。<br />
The “special fertilizer” of organic and inorganic total nutrition of <i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i> suitable for Weiber Rainfed Highland was developed by soil testing fertilization, which changed the habit of a single chemical fertilizer application from local pepper farmers, and realized the purpose of multi-element coordination, mixed application of organic and inorganic, and added beneficial bacteria. Compared with the control group, the application of “special fertilizer” increased SPAD by 9.02%, leaf N content by 6.87%, dry weight of per leaf by 10.93%, the number of seeds per truss by 13.0%, and 100-grains weight by 8.05%. The effect was not obvious when 2 kg special fertilizer was applied to <i>Z. bungeanum</i> of 15-year-old in full fruit stage. The chlorophyll, nitrogen content, single leaf area and dry weight of per leaf were increased by 20.12%, 20.50%, 19.04%, 20.23%, 9.13%, 10.44%, 5.97%, 6.71%, the number of seeds per truss and the 100-grains weight increased by 14.13%, 18.47% and 10.44%, 12.44%, respectively, and the quality of leaves and fruits of <i>Z. bungeanum</i> were improved significantly, respectively, when 3 kg and 4 kg special fertilizer was applied to per tree. Generally, in full fruit period of Z. bungeanum, the results showed that 3 kg special fertilizer was applied after pepper harvest; in terms of Z. bungeanum with large crown, special fertilizer can be increased to 4 kg. Meanwhile, it is better to apply high P and K water-soluble fertilizer once in growing period of Z. bungeanum.</span> 
</div>
%K 花椒，专用肥，叶片，果实<br><i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i>
%K Special Fertilizer
%K Leaf
%K Fruit
%U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=43557