%0 Journal Article
%T Mental Health Dynamics of Interfaith Spirituality in Believers and Non-Believers: The Two Circuit Pathways Model of Coping with Adversities: Interfaith Spirituality and Will-to Exist, Live and Survive
%A Ibrahim Kira
%A Neslihan Ar£¿c£¿ £¿zcan
%A Hanaa Shuwiekh
%A Justyna Kucharska
%A Amthal H. Al-Huwailah
%A Mireille Bujold-Bugeaud
%J Psychology
%P 992-1024
%@ 2152-7199
%D 2021
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/psych.2021.126060
%X <strong>Objective:</strong> The study was designed to examine the differential effects of spirituality on the mental health of believers and non-believers coping with adversities. <strong>Method:</strong> Spirituality, ¡°will-to-exist-live-and-survive (WTELS)¡±, cumulative traumas, perceived posttraumatic growth, psychopathology, existential anxieties, self-esteem, and reappraisal were measured in two samples of main believers (Egypt, Turkey, and Kuwait, N = 1210) and mostly non- believers (UK, N = 178). The study used path analysis supplemented by PROCESS macro and multigroup invariance to analyze the data. <strong>Results£º</strong> identified two positive invariant coping paths for believers, one through WTELS and the other through spirituality. A similar positive path of WTELS, but not spirituality, was found in the non-believers. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> While believers and non-believers utilize their WTELS pathway to cope with adversities, the believers utilize the additional pathway of spirituality. The non- believers still utilize self-transcendence strategies of non-theistic or secular spirituality. The results have conceptual and clinical implications for developing differential prevention and intervention strategies.
%K Believers and Non-Believers
%K Existential Anxieties
%K Psychopathology
%K Posttraumatic Growth
%K Interfaith Spirituality
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=110305