%0 Journal Article %T Etiologies of Neonatal Mortality in a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Resource-Limited Setting %A Calixte Ida Penda %A Ritha Mbono Betoko %A Danielle Kedy Koum %A Essome Henri %A Patricia Epée Eboumbou %A Christelle Mpah Edimo %A Eyoum Billè Bertrand %A Charlotte Eposse %A Olivier Koki Ndombo %J Open Journal of Pediatrics %P 268-280 %@ 2160-8776 %D 2021 %I Scientific Research Publishing %R 10.4236/ojped.2021.112026 %X Background: Neonatal mortality remains a major public health problem in low income countries. The survival within the first 28 days of life remains a challenge in such countries. Many strategies have been implemented to reduce deaths in children under five especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Laquintinie Douala Hospital benefits from some of these measures including a perinatal network and an emergency voucher. We aimed to describe the main causes of neonatal deaths at Laquintinie Douala Hospital. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study including files of all deceased neonates in the neonatal unit during a 24 months period from January 1^st, 2017 to December 31^st, 2018. Data collection included socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers and the newborns, clinical and therapeutic data and the evolution of the newborn. We used SPSS 20 software for data analysis with a p-value less than 0.05. Results: We included 270 files with an overall mortality rate of 13.1% and a sex ratio of 1.2. The main causes of death included prematurity (37.8%), neonatal infection (34.1%) and neonatal asphyxia (24.4%). The main factors associated with deaths included informal sector (OR = 5.49; 95% CI 0.86