%0 Journal Article
%T Transference of The Im¨¡m¡¯s Authority to Jurists in the Occultation Period According to 5th Century Sh¨©£¿¨©-U£¿¨±li Scholars
%A Habib Kartalo£¿lu
%J -
%D 2019
%X Im¨¡miyya holds that the theory of im¨¡mate must rely on scriptural evidence and designation and that the Im¨¡m, the successor to Mu£¿ammad, is in charge of all political and religious issues. The authority of the Im¨¡m includes some religious and social duties such as executing the legal punishments, collecting almsgiving, sustaining social order and declaring holy war. The fulfillment of these duties requires actual leadership of the Im¨¡m or his deputy. With the beginning of the great occultation in 329/941, there was an uncertainty among the Im¨¡miyya followers about who would uphold these responsibilities. In this period, Sh¨©£¿¨© £¿ulam¨¡ began to undertake the duties of the Im¨¡m in order to overcome this uncertainty and to avoid the possible schism. In the beginning, this delegation of authority was limited to the religious sphere; but, later, its scope gradually became wider. This process of delegation of power, which covers a long process, needs to be examined in its various periods. In this study, this subject will be considered with special reference to the scholars of the fifth century of hijra (hijr¨©). An effort is made in this article to reveal how the issues of the Im¨¡m¡¯s powers are discussed in the context of the problem of expanding or narrowing the authority of the scholars who played significant roles in systemization of U£¿¨±l¨© (rationalist) thought in the period after Shaykh al-Muf¨©d. Summary: In the issues of Im¨¡m/Caliphate which led to political division among Muslims after the Prophet Mu£¿ammad, Im¨¡m¨© Sh¨©£¿a opines that the Im¨¡mate theory relies on scriptural evidence and designation. According to this theory, apart from scriptural evidence and designation, personal qualities such as immaculacy, knowledge, bravery, and vantage are found in Ali, £¿asan, £¿usayn and nine people from the lineage of £¿usayn. The Im¨¡m as a successor to the Prophet Mu£¿ammad is a person who has both religious and political power which includes implementation of punishments, collecting alms, ensuring justice, declaring holy war. For the Im¨¡m¨© Sh¨©£¿a, there is a need for im¨¡m or his deputy who has absolute power to fulfill these duties. Im¨¡m¨© Sh¨©£¿a, who held that the disappeared twelfth Im¨¡m would return back to restore justice in the world, had to confront various problems in finding solutions to some issues related to the existence of Im¨¡m himself, as well as theological issues during the period of great occultation. Particularly, the period of great occultation (329/941), in which the link with the Im¨¡m was severed completely, the Sh¨©£¿¨© community were uncertain on how to
%K £¿mamiyye
%K Gaybet
%K Fak£¿h
%K Cuma Namaz£¿
%K £¿umus
%K £¿slam Mezhepleri Tarihi
%K £¿er£¿f el-Murta£¿a
%U http://dergipark.org.tr/cuid/issue/43612/508797