%0 Journal Article
%T Accusations of Shi¡®ism in Early Hadith Studies -An Analysis from the Framework of History of Hadith-
%A Muhammed Enes Topg¨¹l
%J -
%D 2018
%X This article argues that it has been clearly observed that some transmitters have been associated with Sh¨©£¿¨©te thoughts in rij¨¡l type works written by Ahl al-had¨©th scholars prior to the formation of the Sh¨©£¿a as a sect. Naturally, Sh¨©£¿¨©te accusations during the first three centuries after the hijrah denotes a proximity to a thinking and a belief form, and not an affiliation to a certain sect. This proximity generally can be observed as believing in £¿Al¨© b. Ab¨© T¨¡lib¡¯s legitimacy and his opponents¡¯ illegitimacy in his wars and the expressing of this openly in society, being close to Sh¨©£¿¨©te circles, criticizing or insulting the other companions of the Prophet, compiling and narrating traditions about the virtues (fa£¿¨¡¡¯il) of £¿Al¨© b. Ab¨© T¨¡lib or Ahl al-bayt, or the defects and the faults (math¨¡lib/ma£¿¨¡yib) of the companions of the Prophet, believing in the preference and priority of £¿Al¨© over £¿Uthm¨¡n, Ab¨± Bakr and £¿Umar, participating in Sh¨©£¿¨©te revolts or considering these as legitimate, and accepting distinctive theological or jurisprudential opinions. If one glances over classical history, £¿abaq¨¡t and rij¨¡l books, it is clear that 207 of al-Kutub al-Sitta narrators are accused of having Sh¨©£¿¨©te views, albeit with different wordings. In this article certain methods are followed in order to examine these transmitters and to ascertain whether they are Sh¨©£¿¨©te or not. Ultimately, the present article claims that following four essential questions whereby this issue can be answered through certain transmitter categorization: 1- What was the time of Sunn¨© and Sh¨©£¿¨©te had¨©th circles¡¯ separation, 2- What was the period of the traditions¡¯ transition from Ahl al-sunna to the Sh¨©£¿a, 3- What was the problem of narration from Ahl al-bid£¿a, and 4- what is the execution type of jarh-ta£¿d¨©l. The first question¡¯s answer is provided by the framework of those transmitters¡¯ historical periods, geographical context and the extent of their tendency towards the Sh¨© £¿a views. The historical periods of both the accused transmitters and the other transmitters show them having different extent of tendencies toward the Sh¨© £¿a and this reveals that dissociation of Sunnite-Sh¨©£¿¨©te course circles can be dated to the beginnings of the 3rd/9th century. Before this historical period, transmitters with Sh¨©£¿¨©te tendencies seem to have been following both schools¡¯ circles. The response to the second inquiry is that it is understood that the narrative transitivity among Sunnite and Sh¨©£¿¨©te was mostly elicited by transmitters with Sh¨©£¿¨©te tendencies in the 2nd/8th century. The third
%K £¿£¿a
%K £¿i£¿
%K £¿i£¿lik £¿tham£¿
%K Ehl-i had£¿s
%K m¨¹nekkit
%K cerh-ta¡®d£¿l
%U http://dergipark.org.tr/maruifd/issue/42711/515302