%0 Journal Article
%T An Investigation on the Basic Views of Stoa Philosophy
%A Suat £¿elikkol
%J -
%D 2019
%X Stoicism is a school of philosophy founded by Zenon of Cyprus, which lived between the years 336 to264 BC.Zenon, Kleanthes, Khrysippos, Panaitios, Seneca, Epiktetos and Marcus Aurelius are important representatives of the Stoa philosophy.According to the school, philosophy is the love of wisdom, the quest for wisdom.Philosophy's wisdom is the knowledge of sacred and human things. The Zenon philosophy is divided into three parts: first the logic that teaches the rules of reasoning, second, physics teaching the truth of the entities in the universe, and thirdly, the morality that teaches the principles of virtuous life. According to Stoics, in terms of existence, human being, he is a part of the nature he lives in and he carries a bit of it from him. The Nature is ¡°Macro Cosmos¡± to human and human is ¡°micro cosmos¡± to the nature. Human is a microcosm that contains both the principles and elements of the macro cosmos. As nature has two principles, similarly man has two principles: These principles are the body as a principle and a material principle of causal principle. The body forms our side that is common to animals and is the principle of lack of perception in essence. As for the soul, it is nothing but the divine breath that settles in our bodies. The power and nature of our divine part consists of two parts: A part of the human being somehow seized the desire, the other part is the mind that teaches what to do and what to avoid. Mind is the nature of man. The greatest favor of man is to behave according to the divine part. Stoa philosophy is a practical philosophy, and it has a moral philosophy at its center. The essence of Stoic morality is constituted by questions such as ¡° What is the best for people, what is bad?¡±, ¡°What are the principles that could freed people from their troubles, fears, passions and from their obstacles?¡±, ¡°Is there a measure of good and bad?¡±, ¡°What to do / how to live to achieve the highest quality in life?¡± On the other hand, just like philosophy, morality also has subdivisions in itself. Without a doubt, ¡°living in accordance with nature¡± is of great importance in this philosophy. Because according to stoic philosophers, the measure of good and evil is nature. Being happy depends on living in accordance with nature. Our desires and passions against the nature is the cause of unhappiness. In this case, the person looking for happiness should live in nature. So, what is life appropriate for nature? There is no common understanding among Stoic philosophers; there are different opinions: For example, according to Marcus
%K Felsefe Tarihi
%K Stoa felsefesi
%K Ahlak
%U http://dergipark.org.tr/bilimname/issue/43606/522162