%0 Journal Article
%T Optimization of Airfoils Using the Adjoint Approach and the Influence of Adjoint Turbulent Viscosity
%A Bernhard Stoevesandt
%A Joachim Peinke
%A Matthias Schramm
%J -
%D 2018
%R https://doi.org/10.3390/computation6010005
%X Abstract The adjoint approach in gradient-based optimization combined with computational fluid dynamics is commonly applied in various engineering fields. In this work, the gradients are used for the design of a two-dimensional airfoil shape, where the aim is a change in lift and drag coefficient, respectively, to a given target value. The optimizations use the unconstrained quasi-Newton method with an approximation of the Hessian. The flow field is computed with a finite-volume solver where the continuous adjoint approach is implemented. A common assumption in this approach is the use of the same turbulent viscosity in the adjoint diffusion term as for the primal flow field. The effect of this so-called ˇ°frozen turbulenceˇ± assumption is compared to the results using adjoints to the Spalart¨CAllmaras turbulence model. The comparison is done at a Reynolds number of R e = 2 ˇÁ 10 6 for two different airfoils at different angles of attack. View Full-Tex
%K airfoil optimization
%K gradient-based
%K adjoint approach
%K frozen turbulence
%K adjoint turbulence
%K OpenFOAM
%U https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/6/1/5