%0 Journal Article
%T Shared and Distinct Functions of Type I and Type III Interferons
%J -
%D 2019
%R https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.025
%X Type I interferons (IFNs) (IFN-¦Á, IFN-¦Â) and type III IFNs (IFN-¦Ë) share many properties, including induction by viral infection, activation of shared signaling pathways, and transcriptional programs. However, recent discoveries have revealed context-specific functional differences. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of type I and type III IFN activities, highlighting shared and distinct features from molecular mechanisms through physiological responses. Beyond discussing canonical antiviral functions, we consider the adaptive immune priming, anti-tumor, and autoimmune functions of IFNs. We discuss a model wherein type III IFNs serve as a front-line defense that controls infection at epithelial barriers while minimizing damaging inflammatory responses, reserving the more potent type I IFN response for when local responses are insufficient. In this context, we discuss current therapeutic applications targeting these cytokine pathways and highlight gaps in understanding of the biology of type I and type III IFNs in health and disease
%U https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(19)30142-6