%0 Journal Article %T In situ/operando synchrotron-based X-ray techniques for lithium-ion battery research %J - %D 2018 %R https://doi.org/10.1038/s41427-018-0056-z %X Lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology is the most attractive technology for energy storage systems in today¡¯s market. However, further improvements and optimizations are still required to solve challenges such as energy density, cycle life, and safety. Addressing these challenges in LIBs requires a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms in various physical/chemical processes during LIB operation. Advanced in situ/operando synchrotron-based X-ray characterization techniques are powerful tools for providing valuable information about the complicated reaction mechanisms in LIBs. In this review, several state-of-the-art in situ/operando synchrotron-based X-ray techniques and their combination with other characterization tools for battery research are introduced. Various in situ cell configurations and practical operating tips for cell design and experimental set-ups are also discussed %U https://www.nature.com/articles/s41427-018-0056-z