%0 Journal Article
%T Prevalence and risk factors associated with retinopathy in diabetic patients at Parirenyatwa Hospital outpatients¡¯ clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe
%A Boniface Macheka
%A Exnevia Gomo
%A Kudzanai Mateveke
%A Mathias Mukona
%A Parmenas Nelson Okwanga
%A Pasipanodya Ian Machingura
%J -
%D 2017
%X Diabetic retinopathy is the fifth leading cause of blindness worldwide accounting for nearly 5% of all blindness. However, most of the prevalence and incidence data is from developed countries, with very limited information from sub-Saharan Africa. The study sought to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, retinopathy in diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus patients attending the outpatients¡¯ clinic at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals between October 2013 and July 2014 were recruited into this analytical cross-sectional study. Demographic information was collected. A nurse carried out anthropometric measurements. An ophthalmologist using slit lamp indirect ophthalmoscopy with a 20-diopter and a 90-diopter lens diagnosed retinopathy. Blood samples were collected and analysed for triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin and serum creatinine. A total of 340 patients were enrolled into the study, of whom 73.2% were female. Mean (SD) age was 57.5 (14.9) years and there was no difference in age between females [57.6 (14.1) years] and males [57.2 (16.8) years]. The overall prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 28.4%. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis retinopathy was associated with longer duration of diabetes mellitus (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.09, p value £¿ 0.001) and lower serum creatinine (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97-1.00, p value 0.025). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 28.4%. Longer duration of diabetes mellitus and lower serum creatinine, which is a marker of renal damage, were independent risk factors of diabetic retinopathy.
%K Diabetes mellitus
%K Diabetic retinopathy
%K Complications
%K Blindness
%K Prevalence
%K Risk factor
%U https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ambr/article/view/153952