%0 Journal Article
%T Host Range and Virulence of a Fungal Pathogen for Control of Giant Salvinia (<i>Salvinia molesta</i>)
%A Clyde D. Boyette
%A Robert E. Hoagland
%A Lawrence R. Higgenbotham
%A H. Lynn Walker
%A James A. Young
%A Kenneth C. Stetina
%J American Journal of Plant Sciences
%P 444-454
%@ 2158-2750
%D 2021
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ajps.2021.123029
%X A
teleomorph of the fungus Botryosphaeria rhodina (Berkeley et Curtis) von Arx, (Br) was evaluated as a bioherbicide
for control of giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell) under greenhouse conditions and
in small-scale field trials. We found that fungal mycelium was highly infective
and could be rapidly produced (48+ h) in soy flour-cornmeal liquid media
contained in shake flasks or fermenters. A dew period was not required to
achieve infection and mortality of inoculated plants. A surfactant (Silwet L-77, a
polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl-trisiloxane) incorporated in the fungal
formulation was required for Br to infect and kill plants. Infection and
mortality occurred rapidly (within 48 h after treatment), and re-growth of
treated plants did not occur. In replicated field trials, Br controlled giant salvinia ~95%. Br also infected other plants, such as
common salvinia (S. minima Baker), and Azolla filiculoides Lam., as
determined in ongoing host range research. However, no symptomatology was