%0 Journal Article
%T Inhibition/prevention of primary liver tumors in mice given a daily dietary extract of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) following a hepatoma-inducing agent
%A Punithavathi Durairaj
%A S
%A ra C. Miller
%J -
%D 2012
%X The present study assessed the ability of an extract of North American ginseng to prevent/ inhibit the development of hepatoma in mice, pre-injected with a known liver tumor inducer, dimethylnitrosamine (DEN). We hypothesized that a standardized, proprietary extract of this herb would inhibit the development of this tumor, given its success in abating leukemia and extending life span in mice. CVT-E002 was given 4 hours after DEN injection and administered daily via the diet until mice were 82 wk old. Control mice consumed identical chow without CVT-E002. At various intervals during the study, mice were euthanized and their spleen, bone marrow, and blood were taken for enumeration of natural killer (NK) cells, lymphocytes and ¡°other¡± hemopoietic cells. There was a significant elevation in the absolute numbers of lymphocytes (p<0.0001: spleen; p<0.0001: BM) in CVT-E002-fed, DEN pre-injected mice vs control-diet mice. NK cells in the spleen and bone marrow (BM) were also significantly elevated at p<0.005 and p< 0.001, respectively. The proportions of blood-borne lymphocytes and NK cells reflected their increased absolute numbers in the spleen and BM. Finally, whereas 100% of control-diet mice had developed hepatoma and were euthanized by 82 wk, 100% of CVT-E002-fed mice remained alive, healthy and hepatoma- free at 82 wk, remaining healthy even after returning to control diet until euthanized as healthy animals at 98 wk. CVT-E002-driven immunoenhancement is believed to be the mechanism by which hepatoma was inhibited/prevente
%K Immune cells
%K ginseng
%K hepatoma
%K pre-clinical
%K in vivo
%U https://www.alliedacademies.org/articles/inhibitionprevention-of-primary-liver-tumors-in-mice-given-a-daily-dietary-extract-of-north-american-ginseng-panax-quinquefolius-f.html