%0 Journal Article
%T Urine cytology screening of French workers exposed to occupational urinary tract carcinogens: a prospective cohort study over a 20-year period
%A Alain Chamoux
%A Aur谷lien Mulliez
%A Far豕s Moustafa
%A Frederic Dutheil
%A Geraldine Naughton
%A Luc Fontana
%A Lucile Rouanet
%A Michel Druet-Cabanac
%J -
%D 2017
%R 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016238
%X Objectives To demonstrate that urine cytology screening can provide relevant epidemiological data for earlier detection of urothelial cancer caused by occupational exposure.

Design Prospective cohort study.

Setting Industries using urothelial carcinogens in France. Urine samples were collected on site, after a work week and were analysed at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Participants Participants were workers exposed to urothelial carcinogens. Women and current smokers at time of study recruitment were exclusion criteria.

Outcomes Urine cells atypia were ranged into three classes: negative/normal, atypical/suspicious/dysplasia or positive/malignant.

Results We included 2020 workers over a period of 20 years from 1993 to 2013: 606 worked in rubber manufacturing, 692 from metal processing, 245 in chemical industry and 477 in roadwork and building industry. Workers had a mean exposure of 15.2㊣10.4 years before their first urine cytology screening. There was a mean of 3.4㊣4.3ˋurine cytology screenings per worker between 1993 and 2013. 6478 cytology were normal, 462 suspicious and 13 malignant. Suspicious and malignant cytology occurred in 4.8% of workers exposed for 1每10 years, 6.2% for 11每20 years of exposure, 7.6% for 21每30 years and 8.6% for >30 years (p<0.001). Using exposure for 1每10 years as reference, the adjusted OR of receiving a suspicious or malignant diagnosis increased with duration of exposure: OR=1.50 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.05, p=0.01) for 21每30 years and OR=1.78 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.56, p=0.002) for >30 years of exposure. Using metal processing as reference, the risk of pathological urine cytology results increased for rubber manufacturing (OR=1.32, 95%ˋCI 1.05 to 1.65, p=0.02), with a trend for roadwork and building industry (OR=1.39, 95%ˋCI 0.98 to 1.97, p=0.07) and for chemical industry (OR=1.34, 95%ˋCI 0.94 to 1.93, p=0.11).

Conclusions Urine cytology is a useful tool in occupational medicine. We promote new guidelines with an early screening of urothelial cancer by cytology, starting with beginning of exposure
%U https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/9/e016238