目的：分析内蒙古自治区13~18岁蒙古族学生参加长跑运动的意识对运动能力的影响。方法：数据来源于2014年内蒙古自治区学生体质与健康状况调查数据，抽取13~18岁蒙古族学生4278名(男生2135名，女生2143名)的速度(50 m跑)、爆发力(立定跳远)、力量(握力)、全身耐力(男1000 m跑，女800米)、肌肉耐力(男生引体向上，女生仰卧起坐)、柔韧(坐位体前屈)等六项运动能力指标测试数据，并选取问卷调查中参加长跑运动的意识(愿意、一般、不愿意)将研究对象分为三组，比较三组间运动能力的差异性。结果：13~18岁蒙古族学生中愿意参加长跑运动的男生的全身耐力优于一般愿意和不愿参加者；愿意参加长跑运动的女生在爆发力、速度、柔韧和全身耐力成绩均好于一般愿意和不愿参加者。结论：具有参加长跑运动意识的青少年学生运动能力优于一般愿意和不愿意参加长跑运动意识的学生。建议学校及家长应加强青少年学生参加长跑运动的意识，引导和鼓励学生积极参加长跑运动，积极有效提高运动能力。
Objective: To analyze the influence of the consciousness of 13 - 18-year-old Mongolian students to take part in long distance running on their sports ability. Method: The data comes from the investi-gation data of physical fitness and health status of students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2014. 4278 Mongolian students aged 13 - 18 (2135 boys and 2143 girls) were selected for speed (50 m running), explosive force (standing long jump), strength (grip strength), overall endurance (1000 m running for men and 800 m for women), muscle endurance (male pull up, female sit up), flexibility (sitting position). The subjects were divided into three groups according to their consciousness of taking part in the long-distance running (willing, general, unwilling) in the questionnaire survey, and the differences of sports ability among the three groups were compared. Results: Among the Mongolian students aged 13 - 18, those who were willing to take part in the long-distance running had better overall endurance than those who were willing or unwilling to take part in the long-distance running, and those who were willing to take part in the long-distance running had better performance in explosive force, speed, flexibility and overall endurance than those who were willing or unwilling to take part in the long-distance running. Conclusion: The sports ability of the young students who have the consciousness of taking part in the long-distance running is better than that of the general students who are willing and unwilling to take part in the long-distance running. It is suggested that schools and parents should strengthen the awareness of young students to participate in long-distance running, guide and encourage students to actively participate in long-distance running, and actively and effectively improve their sports ability.