%0 Journal Article
%T 四川地区强降水时空特征分析<br>Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Heavy Rainfall in Sichuan
%A 常娜
%A 蔡宏珂
%J Geographical Science Research
%P 192-203
%@ 2168-5770
%D 2020
%I Hans Publishing
%R 10.12677/GSER.2020.93022
%X 为研究四川地区强降水特征，根据四川地区强降水的定义，利用1980~2018年的逐日降水资料分别对强降水量、强降水次数和强降水强度的时空特征进行分析，结果表明：1) 四川地区多年年平均强降水量表现为西少东多的分布规律；四川地区强降水次数呈西南–东北带状分布，自西南向东北呈“少–多–少”分布规律；四川地区强降水的季节分配极不均匀，强降水量大值中心和强降水高频中心都随着季节变化逐渐东移；强降水强度有自西向东逐渐增大的分布特征；2) 四川地区多年逐月平均强降水量空间表现为：第一模态具有“东多西少”的分布特征，第二模态表现出四川西北部强降水量偏多，其余地区强降水量一致性偏小的分布特征，第三模态自北向南呈现“？ + ？”的格局，第四模态自西向东表现出“+ ？”的格局；3) 四川地区逐年夏季极端降水事件频数在20世纪90年代呈现波动变化，在年际变化上总体呈明显的下降趋势；四川地区1980~2018年夏季极端降水次数存在约2.2年的准周期；四川地区逐年夏季极端降水事件频数突变发生在1981、1985年和1991年。<br />
In order to study the characteristics of heavy precipitation in Sichuan, according to the definition of heavy precipitation in Sichuan, the daily precipitation data from 1980 to 2018 were used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of heavy precipitation, the number of heavy precipitations, and the intensity of heavy precipitation. The results show that: 1) The multi-year average annual heavy rainfall in Sichuan shows the distribution pattern of less west and more east; the number of heavy rainfall in Sichuan is distributed in a belt from southwest to northeast, from southwest to northeast there is a pattern of “less-more-less” distribution. The seasonal distribution of heavy rainfall is extremely uneven. Both the large-value center of heavy rainfall and the high-frequency center of heavy rainfall gradually move eastward with seasonal changes; the intensity of heavy rainfall has a distribution characteristic of gradually increasing from west to east. 2) The spatial performance of the average monthly heavy precipitation in Sichuan is presented as: the first mode has the distribution characteristics of “more east and less west”, the second mode shows the distribution characteristics of heavy rainfall in northwestern Sichuan and less consistent heavy rainfall in other regions, the third mode presents a “？ + ？” pattern from north to south, and the fourth mode presents a “+ ？” pattern from west to east. 3) The frequency of extreme summer precipitation events in Sichuan fluctuated in the 1990s, showing an obvious downward trend in inter-annual changes; the number of extreme summer precipitation in Sichuan from 1980 to 2018 has a quasi-period of about 2.2 years; the sudden change in the frequency of extreme summer precipitation events in Sichuan occurred in 1981, 1985 and 1991.
%K 四川地区，强降水，时空分布<br>Sichuan
%K Heavy Precipitation
%K Spatial and Temporal Distribution
%U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=37219