%0 Journal Article
%T ¦ÌPAD Fluorescence Scattering Immunoagglutination Assay for Cancer Biomarkers from Blood and Serum
%A Cayla Baynes
%A Jeong-Yeol Yoon
%J SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation
%@ 2472-6311
%D 2018
%R 10.1177/2472630317731891
%X A microfluidic paper analytical device (¦ÌPAD) was created for the sensitive quantification of cancer antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), from human whole blood and serum, toward diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Anti-CEA and anti¨CCA 19-9 antibodies were covalently linked to submicron, fluorescent polystyrene particles, loaded, and then dried in the center of the ¦ÌPAD channel. CEA- or CA 19-9¨Cspiked blood or serum samples were loaded to the inlet of ¦ÌPAD, and subsequent immunoagglutination changed the fluorescent scatter signals upon ultraviolet (UV) excitation. The total assay time was about 1 min. Detection limits were 1 pg/mL for CEA and 0.1 U/mL for CA 19-9 from both 10% diluted blood and undiluted serum. The use of UV excitation and subsequent fluorescence scattering enabled much higher double-normalized intensities (up to 1.28¨C3.51, compared with 1.067 with the elastic Mie scatter detection), successful detection in the presence of blood or serum, and distinct multiplex assays with minimum cross-reaction of antibodies. The results with undiluted serum showed the larger dynamic range and smaller standard errors, which can be attributed to the presence of serum proteins, functioning as a stabilizer or a passivating protein for the particles within paper fibers
%K fluorescence scatter
%K carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
%K carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9)
%K immunoagglutination
%K paper microfluidics
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2472630317731891