%0 Journal Article %T How it makes a moral difference that one is worse off than one could have been %A Michael Otsuka %J Politics, Philosophy & Economics %@ 1741-3060 %D 2018 %R 10.1177/1470594X17731394 %X In this article, I argue that it makes a moral difference whether an individual is worse off than she could have been. Here, I part company with consequentialists such as Parfit and side with contractualists such as Scanlon. But, unlike some contractualists, I reject the view that all that matters is whether a principle can be justified to each particular individual, where such a justification is attentive to her interests, complaints and other claims. The anonymous goodness of a distribution also matters. My attempt to reconcile contractualist and consequentialist approaches proceeds via a serious of reflections on cases %K contractualism %K consequentialism %K complaints %K non-identity problem %K Parfit %K no difference view %U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1470594X17731394