%0 Journal Article
%T TGF¦Â1: Friend or Foe During Recovery in Encephalopathy
%A Brian H. Kim
%A Steven W. Levison
%J The Neuroscientist
%@ 1089-4098
%D 2019
%R 10.1177/1073858418793131
%X The cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-¦Â1 is highly induced after encephalopathic brain injury, with data showing that it can both contribute to the pathophysiology and aid in disease resolution. In the immature brain, sustained TGF¦Â-signaling after injury may prolong inflammation to both exacerbate acute stage damage and perturb the normal course of development. Yet in adult encephalopathy, elevated TGF¦Â1 may promote a reparative state. In this review, we highlight the context-dependent actions of TGF¦Â-signaling in the brain during resolution of encephalopathy and focus on neuronal survival mechanisms that are affected by TGF¦Â1. We discuss the mechanisms that contribute to the disparate actions of TGF¦Â1 toward elucidating the long-term neurological and neuropsychiatric consequences that follow encephalopathic injury
%K cell death
%K birth asphyxia
%K neuroprotection
%K encephalopathy
%K TGF¦Â
%K neuroinflammation
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1073858418793131