%0 Journal Article
%T Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings
%A Aaron L. Wichman
%A Aaron Ocampo
%A Abraham M. Rutchick
%A Adrienn Ujhelyi
%A Agata Sobkow
%A Alejandro V¨¢squez- Echeverr¨ªa
%A Alexander K. Saeri
%A Alexander Scott English
%A Alexandra V¨¢zquez
%A Andrew C. W. Tang
%A Andriy Myachykov
%A Angela T. Maitner
%A Anja Eller
%A Anna Cabak R¨¦dei
%A Anna Dalla Rosa
%A Anna Elisabeth van ¡¯t Veer
%A Anna Kende
%A Anthony J. Nelson
%A Armand Chatard
%A Austin Lee Nichols
%A Boban Petrovi£¿
%A Brad Pinter
%A Brian A. Nosek
%A Brian Collisson
%A Byron G. Adams
%A Canay Do£¿ulu
%A Carmel A. Levitan
%A Carolyn Finck
%A Carrie Kovacs
%A Catherine Verniers
%A Charles R. Ebersole
%A Cheryl L. Carmichael
%A Cheryl Welch
%A Chris N. H. Street
%A Daniel R. Berry
%A Dani£¿l Lakens
%A David C. Cicero
%A David Sirlop¨²
%A David Torres
%A Elisa Maria Galliani
%A Elizabeth L. Haines
%A Elsie Ong
%A Erika Salomon
%A Esther Maassen
%A Eva E. Chen
%A Eva G. T. Green
%A Evans Dami Binan
%A Ewa Szumowska
%A Fanny Cambier
%A Felix D. Sch£¿nbrodt
%A Fernando Mena-Pacheco
%A Fiery Cushman
%A Francisco Ceric
%A Fred Hasselman
%A F¨¦lix Neto
%A Gabrielle Pogge
%A German Kurapov
%A Goran Kne£¿evi£¿
%A Grant Packard
%A G¨¢bor Orosz
%A Hans IJzerman
%A Haruka Oikawa
%A Haruna Karick
%A Heather Barry Kappes
%A Ho Phi Huynh
%A Huajian Cai
%A Ilker Dalgar
%A Ingrid P. J. Voermans
%A Ivan Grahek
%A Jakub Traczyk
%A Jamie Kurtz
%A Janko Me£¿edovi£¿
%A Jeanine L. M. Skorinko
%A Jeffrey R. Huntsinger
%A Jen-Ho Chang
%A Jennifer A. Coleman
%A Jennifer A. Joy-Gaba
%A Jeroen Stouten
%A Jesse Chandler
%A Jesse Graham
%A John E. Edlund
%A John M. Zelenski
%A Jon E. Grahe
%A Jordan R. Axt
%A Jordan Theriault
%A Joshua A. Hicks
%A Joshua C. Gandi
%A Joshua M. Tybur
%A Joy E. Losee
%A Julie A. Woodzicka
%A Kakul Hai
%A Karin C. H. J. Smolders
%J Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science
%@ 2515-2467
%D 2018
%R 10.1177/2515245918810225
%X We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance (p < .05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely high-powered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen¡¯s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than .20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above .10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relatively high and low WEIRDness scores, respectively). Cumulatively, variability in the observed effect sizes was attributable more to the effect being studied than to the sample or setting in which it was studied
%K social psychology
%K cognitive psychology
%K replication
%K culture
%K individual differences
%K sampling effects
%K situational effects
%K meta-analysis
%K Registered Report
%K open data
%K open materials
%K preregistered
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2515245918810225