%0 Journal Article %T Demographic Decline, Population Aging, and Modern Financial Approaches to Urban Policy %A Eugenio Leanza %A Francesca Medda %A Gianni Carbonaro %A Philip McCann %J International Regional Science Review %@ 1552-6925 %D 2018 %R 10.1177/0160017616675916 %X This article discusses the interaction between demographic aging, population decline, and various aspects of the local development challenges facing public authorities. In particular, this article examines some of the financial issues arising from population aging and decline and the ways in which new approaches to public finance are being used in support of European Union regional and urban policy. In this context, it is argued that a comprehensive portfolio investment approach has the potential to significantly improve policy effectiveness %K population and employment distribution %K human spatial structure %K spatial structure %K demographic models %K demographic analysis %K methods %K local public finance %K other policy and applications %K policy and applications %K urban and regional economic development %K economic growth and development %K land use planning %K urban and regional issues %U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0160017616675916