%0 Journal Article
%T Inverted Hybridities: Reactions to Imperialism in Select Pseudepigraphic Ezra Materials
%A Warren C. Campbell
%J Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha
%@ 1745-5286
%D 2018
%R 10.1177/0951820718771237
%X This article examines both 4 and 5 Ezra as two textual reactions to Roman imperialism utilizing Homi Bhabha's notion of ¡®hybridity¡¯. The central argument offered here is that 4 and 5 Ezra both exemplify resistance to and affiliation with the discourse of dominance integral to imperial ideology. Such reactions are, however, inverted. On the one hand, 4 Ezra primarily offers a theodicean resistance to the destruction of the Second Temple during the First Jewish Revolt (66¨C70 CE), but relies upon essentialized binaries integral to a colonial discourse of domination. On the other hand, 5 Ezra advances a notion of religious replacement in the aftermath of the Bar Kokhba revolt (132¨C135 CE); an expression of dominance that is simultaneously a strategy of communal preservation arising from a position of proximity to a Jewish heritage
%K 4 Ezra
%K 5 Ezra
%K hybridity
%K Homi Bhabha
%K imperialism
%K Bar Kokhba revolt
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0951820718771237