%0 Journal Article %T Before It Gets Better: The Short %A Andrea Bassanini %A Federico Cingano %J ILR Review %@ 2162-271X %D 2019 %R 10.1177/0019793918766054 %X The article exploits long time series of industry-level data in a group of OECD countries to analyze the short-term labor market effects of reforms that lower barriers to entry and dismissal costs. Estimates show that both policies induce non-negligible transitory employment losses. The strength of these effects varies depending on the underlying industry and labor market structure, and on cyclical conditions: The employment cost of deregulation is higher in economic downturns and negligible in good times. These findings prove robust to a set of specification and sensitivity checks and are confirmed after standard reverse causality and falsification tests %K employment %K short-term costs %K job destruction %K labor market regulation %K product market regulation %U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0019793918766054