%0 Journal Article
%T Participation in Georgia¡¯s Pre
%A Bentley D. Ponder
%A Diane M. Early
%A Kelly L. Maxwell
%A Weilin Li
%J AERA Open
%@ 2332-8584
%D 2019
%R 10.1177/2332858419848687
%X Propensity score matching was used to compare third-grade test scores in English language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies for children who had and had not participated in Georgia¡¯s Pre-K 4 years earlier. After matching, each group included 46,262 children (mean age 8.36 years in third grade). In all subject areas, children who had participated in Georgia¡¯s Pre-K scored significantly higher (Cohen¡¯s D = .06 to .09), and pre-K participation was associated with an 11% to 17% increase in the odds of scoring proficient or above. Among children enrolled in free or reduced-price lunch, participation in Georgia¡¯s Pre-K was associated with higher test scores and greater likelihood of scoring proficient or above; however, the opposite was true for children not enrolled in free or reduced-price lunch. Associations between pre-K participation and math scores were stronger for children whose home language was not English as compared to those whose home language was English
%K pre-K
%K standardized test scores
%K propensity score matching
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2332858419848687