%0 Journal Article
%T Closely Related Fruit Fly Species Living at Different Latitudes Diverge in Their Circadian Clock Anatomy and Rhythmic Behavior
%A Charlotte Helfrich-F£¿rster
%A Enrico Bertolini
%A Jonathan Steubing
%A Marta Beauchamp
%A Pamela Menegazzi
%A Peter Deppisch
%J Journal of Biological Rhythms
%@ 1552-4531
%D 2018
%R 10.1177/0748730418798096
%X Recently, we reported differences in the expression pattern of the blue light-sensitive flavoprotein cryptochrome (CRY) and the neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) in the neuronal clock network of high-latitude Drosophila species, belonging to the Drosophila subgenus (virilis-repleta radiation), compared with cosmopolitan D. melanogaster flies, belonging to the Sophophora subgenus. Alterations in rhythmic patterns of activity due to these differences might have adaptive significance for colonizing high-latitude habitats and, hence, adjusting to long photoperiods. Here, we show that these differing CRY/PDF expression patterns are only present in those species of the virilis-repleta radiation that colonized high latitudes. The cosmopolitan species D. mercatorum and D. hydei have a D. melanogaster-like clock network and behavior despite belonging to the virilis-repleta radiation. Similarly, 2 species of the holotropical Zaprionus genus, more closely related to the Drosophila subgenus than to the Sophophora subgenus, retain a D. melanogaster-like clock network and rhythmic behavior. We therefore suggest that the D. melanogaster-like clock network is the ¡°ancestral fly clock phenotype¡± and that alterations in the CRY/PDF clock neurochemistry have allowed some species of the virilis-repleta radiation to colonize high-latitude environments
%K cryptochrome
%K pigment-dispersing factor
%K activity rhythms
%K long photoperiod
%K clock-network evolution
%K Drosophila
%K Sophophora
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0748730418798096