%0 Journal Article
%T War, Rebellion, and Intervention under Hierarchy: Vietnam¨CChina Relations, 1365 to 1841
%A Dat X. Nguyen
%A David C. Kang
%A Meredith Shaw
%A Ronan Tse-min Fu
%J Journal of Conflict Resolution
%@ 1552-8766
%D 2019
%R 10.1177/0022002718772345
%X What does international hierarchy look like? The emerging literatures on hierarchy and international orders remain overwhelmingly focused on the contemporary era and on the great powers that comprise the top of the hierarchy. This article addresses that gap by examining diplomacy, war, and domestic politics in the premodern Vietnam¨CChina relationship under the hierarchic tributary system. Specifically, we construct a unique data set of over 1,200 entries, which measures wars and other violence in the region from 1365 to 1789. The data revealed the stable and legitimate nature of tributary relations between formally unequal political units. The Vietnamese court explicitly recognized its unequal status in its relations with China through a number of institutions and norms. Vietnamese rulers also displayed very little military attention to their relations with China. Rather, Vietnamese leaders were clearly more concerned with quelling chronic domestic instability and managing relations with kingdoms to their south and west
%K measuring war
%K tributary system
%K hierarchy
%K historical IR
%K China
%K Vietnam
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022002718772345