%0 Journal Article %T Real %A Jun Igarashi %A Junichiro Makino %A Tadashi Yamazaki %A Toshikazu Ebisuzaki %J The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications %@ 1741-2846 %D 2019 %R 10.1177/1094342017710705 %X The cerebellum is a part of the brain that plays essential roles in real-time motor learning and control and even cognitive functions. Thanks to the large amount of anatomical and physiological data, we implemented a spiking network model of the cerebellum on Shoubu, an energy-efficient supercomputer with 1280 PEZY-SC processors at RIKEN. Our artificial cerebellum consists of more than one billion neurons, which is comparable to the whole cerebellum of a cat. Using 1008 of 1280 processors on Shoubu, we achieved real-time simulation, that is, a computer simulation of the model for 1£¿s completes within 1£¿s of the real world with temporal resolution of 1£¿ms. Effective performance was estimated as 68 teraflops in single-precision floating points, suggesting 2.6% of peak performance. We expect that the artificial cerebellum will be applicable to various engineering applications, such as robotics and brain-style artificial intelligence %K Brain %K cerebellum %K spiking neuron %K simulation %K real time %K accelerator %K PEZY-SC %K application %U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1094342017710705